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doc#118 determine its temperature. </p><p> Another anode holder used in the experiments is shown
doc#118 plug (Figure 2) was inserted into a carbon anode holder. A shielded thermocouple was used
doc#118 along the cylindrical surface of the carbon anode holder as indicated on figure 2. Some of
doc#118 difficulty of measuring the characteristic anode surface temperature (see below) since only
doc#118 shield and of the surface of the water-cooled anode holder were measured by thermocouples to
doc#118 energy balance for a transpiration cooled anode as well as the effect of blowing on the
doc#118 electric arc applying a porous graphite anode cooled by a transpiring gas (Argon). Thus
doc#118 voltage. Gas injection through a porous anode (transpiration cooling) not only feeds
doc#118 100 Amp. The argon flow through the porous anode was varied systematically between <formul>
doc#118 into the arc. It was shown that by proper anode design the net energy loss of the arc to
doc#118 , the temperature in the arc column, the anode material, and the conditions in the anode
doc#118 will modify these conditions; however, the anode is still the part receiving the largest
doc#118 against contamination of the arc by air. The anode consisted of a <frac12> inch diameter porous
doc#118 uniformity of the flow leaving the anode. The anode plug (Figure 2) was inserted into a carbon
doc#118 balance of the anode was established. The anode ablation could be reduced to a negligible
doc#118 of dissociation or chemical reaction. The anode material was porous graphite. Sintered
doc#118 establish the required electrode spacing. The anode in figure 2 was mounted by means of the
doc#118 and the temperature distribution along the anode holder. Three thermocouples were placed
doc#118 Continuous motion of the arc contact area at the anode by flow or magnetic forces. 3. Feed back
doc#118 anode). Hence, the flow conditions at the anode of free burning arcs resemble those near