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doc#121 | soil to be removed, and the detergent or | surface | -active material. An oversimplified differentiation |
doc#121 | differentiation between soft- and hard- | surface | cleaning lies in the magnitude and kind |
doc#121 | cleaning lies in the magnitude and kind of | surface | involved. One gram of cotton has been found |
doc#121 | cotton has been found to have a specific | surface | area of <formul>. In contrast, a metal |
doc#121 | chemical reactivity. Spring used a Brush | surface | -analyzer in a metal-cleaning study and |
doc#121 | differences in soil removal, depending upon | surface | roughness. There are considerable differences |
doc#121 | between the requirements for textile and hard- | surface | cleaning. Exclusive of esthetic values, |
doc#121 | the dirty ones. As is the case with the | surface | -active agent, the requirements for builders |
doc#121 | in practice. </p><p> The problems of hard- | surface | cleaning are not nearly as complex. In |
doc#121 | cleaning are not nearly as complex. In hard- | surface | cleaning, the inorganic salts are more |
doc#121 | are employed, practically any wetting or | surface | -active agent will do a reasonably good |
doc#121 | present in sufficient amount in a hard- | surface | cleaning formulation. Hydroxides, orthophosphates |
doc#121 | important inorganic ingredients of hard- | surface | cleaners. In addition, the polyphosphates |
doc#121 | importance of the inorganic constituents in hard- | surface | cleaning has been emphasized in a number |
doc#121 | the soiled objects is mechanically held by | surface | irregularities to some extent. However, |
doc#121 | uncharged particles, or to stick to an uncharged | surface | . Obviously, if colloidal particles bear |
doc#121 | particle will tend to stick to an uncharged | surface | and vice versa, and a charged particle |
doc#121 | particle will be very strongly attracted to a | surface | exhibiting an opposite charge. In addition |
doc#121 | dirt particles can be held onto a soiled | surface | by sticky substances or by the surface |
doc#121 | soiled surface by sticky substances or by the | surface | tension of liquids, including liquid greases |